quintodrome/server/subsonic/stream.go

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package subsonic
2016-03-03 10:46:19 -09:00
import (
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
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"context"
"errors"
"fmt"
"net/http"
"strconv"
"strings"
"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/conf"
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
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"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/core/stream"
"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/log"
"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/model"
"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/model/request"
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"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/server/subsonic/responses"
"github.com/navidrome/navidrome/utils/req"
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)
func (api *Router) Stream(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (*responses.Subsonic, error) {
ctx := r.Context()
p := req.Params(r)
id, err := p.String("id")
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
maxBitRate := p.IntOr("maxBitRate", 0)
format, _ := p.String("format")
timeOffset := p.IntOr("timeOffset", 0)
feat(subsonic): implement OpenSubsonic Transcoding extension (#4990) * feat(subsonic): implement transcode decision logic and codec handling for media files Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(subsonic): update codec limitation structure and decision logic for improved clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): update bitrate handling to use kilobits per second (kbps) across transcode decision logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): simplify container alias handling in matchesContainer function Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): enforce POST method for GetTranscodeDecision and handle non-POST requests Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * feat(transcoding): add enums for protocol, comparison operators, limitations, and codec profiles in transcode decision logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): streamline limitation checks and applyLimitation logic for improved readability and maintainability Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): replace strings.EqualFold with direct comparison for protocol and limitation checks Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): rename token methods to CreateTranscodeParams and ParseTranscodeParams for clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance logging for transcode decision process and client info conversion Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): rename TranscodeDecision to Decider and update related methods for clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance transcoding config lookup logic for audio codecs Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance transcoding options with sample rate support and improve command handling Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): add bit depth support for audio transcoding and enhance related logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance AAC command handling and support for audio channels in streaming Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): streamline transcoding logic by consolidating stream parameter handling and enhancing alias mapping Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): update default command handling and add codec support for transcoding Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: implement noopDecider for transcoding decision handling in tests Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: address review findings for OpenSubsonic transcoding PR Fix multiple issues identified during code review of the transcoding extension: add missing return after error in shared stream handler preventing nil pointer panic, replace dead r.Body nil check with MaxBytesReader size limit, distinguish not-found from other DB errors, fix bpsToKbps integer truncation with rounding, add "pcm" to isLosslessFormat for consistency with model.IsLossless(), add sampleRate/bitDepth/channels to streaming log, fix outdated test comment, and add tests for conversion functions and GetTranscodeStream parameter passing. * feat(transcoding): add sourceUpdatedAt to decision and validate transcode parameters Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: small issues Updated mock AAC transcoding command to use the new default (ipod with fragmented MP4) matching the migration, ensuring tests exercise the same buildDynamicArgs code path as production. Improved archiver test mock to match on the whole StreamRequest struct instead of decomposing fields, making it resilient to future field additions. Added named constants for JWT claim keys in the transcode token and wrapped ParseTranscodeParams errors with ErrTokenInvalid for consistency. Documented the IsLossless BitDepth fallback heuristic as temporary until Codec column is populated. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): adapt transcode claims to struct-based auth.Claims Updated transcode token handling to use the struct-based auth.Claims introduced on master, replacing the previous map[string]any approach. Extended auth.Claims with transcoding-specific fields (MediaID, DirectPlay, UpdatedAt, Channels, SampleRate, BitDepth) and added float64 fallback in ClaimsFromToken for numeric claims that lose their Go type during JWT string serialization. Also added the missing lyrics parameter to all subsonic.New() calls in test files. * feat(model): add ProbeData field and UpdateProbeData repository method Add probe_data TEXT column to media_file for caching ffprobe results. Add UpdateProbeData to MediaFileRepository interface and implementations. Use hash:"ignore" tag so probe data doesn't affect MediaFile fingerprints. * feat(ffmpeg): add ProbeAudioStream for authoritative audio metadata Add ProbeAudioStream to FFmpeg interface, using ffprobe to extract codec, profile, bitrate, sample rate, bit depth, and channels. Parse bits_per_raw_sample as fallback for FLAC/ALAC bit depth. Normalize "unknown" profile to empty string. All parseProbeOutput tests use real ffprobe JSON from actual files. * feat(transcoding): integrate ffprobe into transcode decisions Add ensureProbed to probe media files on first transcode decision, caching results in probe_data. Build SourceStream from probe data with fallback to tag-based metadata. Refactor decision logic to pass StreamDetails instead of MediaFile, enabling codec profile limitations (e.g., audioProfile) to use probe data. Add normalizeProbeCodec to map ffprobe codec names (dsd_lsbf_planar, pcm_s16le) to internal names (dsd, pcm). NewDecider now accepts ffmpeg.FFmpeg; wire_gen.go regenerated. * feat(transcoding): add DevEnableMediaFileProbe config flag Add DevEnableMediaFileProbe (default true) to allow disabling ffprobe- based media file probing as a safety fallback. When disabled, the decider uses tag-based metadata from the scanner instead. * test(transcode): add ensureProbed unit tests Test probing when ProbeData is empty, skipping when already set, error propagation from ffprobe, and DevEnableMediaFileProbe flag. * refactor(ffmpeg): use command constant and select_streams for ProbeAudioStream Move ffprobe arguments to a probeAudioStreamCmd constant, following the same pattern as extractImageCmd and probeCmd. Add -select_streams a:0 to only probe the first audio stream, avoiding unnecessary parsing of video and artwork streams. Derive the ffprobe binary path safely using filepath.Dir/Base instead of replacing within the full path string. * refactor(transcode): decouple transcode token claims from auth.Claims Remove six transcode-specific fields (MediaID, DirectPlay, UpdatedAt, Channels, SampleRate, BitDepth) from auth.Claims, which is shared with session and share tokens. Transcode tokens are signed parameter-passing tokens, not authentication tokens, so coupling them to auth created misleading dependencies. The transcode package now owns its own JWT claim serialization via Decision.toClaimsMap() and paramsFromToken(), using generic auth.EncodeToken/DecodeAndVerifyToken wrappers that keep TokenAuth encapsulated. Wire format (JWT claim keys) is unchanged, so in-flight tokens remain compatible. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcode): simplify code after review Extract getIntClaim helper to eliminate repeated int/int64/float64 JWT claim extraction pattern in paramsFromToken and ClaimsFromToken. Rewrite checkIntLimitation as a one-liner delegating to applyIntLimitation. Return probe result from ensureProbed to avoid redundant JSON round-trip. Extract toResponseStreamDetails helper and mediaTypeSong constant in the API layer, and use transcode.ProtocolHTTP constant instead of hardcoded string. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(ffmpeg): enhance bit_rate parsing logic for audio streams Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcode): improve code review findings across transcode implementation - Fix parseProbeData to return nil on JSON unmarshal failure instead of a zero-valued struct, preventing silent degradation of source stream details - Use probe-resolved codec for lossless detection in buildSourceStream instead of the potentially stale scanner data - Remove MediaFile.IsLossless() (dead code) and consolidate lossless detection in isLosslessFormat(), using codec name only — bit depth is not reliable since lossy codecs like ADPCM report non-zero values - Add "wavpack" to lossless codec list (ffprobe codec_name for WavPack) - Guard bpsToKbps against negative input values - Fix misleading comment in buildTemplateArgs about conditional injection - Avoid leaking internal error details in Subsonic API responses - Add missing test for ErrNotFound branch in GetTranscodeDecision - Add TODO for hardcoded protocol in toResponseStreamDetails * refactor(transcode): streamline transcoding command lookup and format resolution Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * feat(transcode): implement server-side transcoding override for player formats Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcode): honor bit depth and channel constraints in transcoding selection selectTranscodingOptions only checked sample rate when deciding whether same-format transcoding was needed, ignoring requested bit depth and channel reductions. This caused the streamer to return raw audio when the transcode decision requested downmix or bit-depth conversion. * refactor(transcode): unify streaming decision engine via MakeDecision Move transcoding decision-making out of mediaStreamer and into the subsonic Stream/Download handlers, using transcode.Decider.MakeDecision as the single decision engine. This eliminates selectTranscodingOptions and the mismatch between decision and streaming code paths (decision used LookupTranscodeCommand with built-in fallbacks, while streaming used FindByFormat which only checked the DB). - Add DecisionOptions with SkipProbe to MakeDecision so the legacy streaming path never calls ffprobe - Add buildLegacyClientInfo to translate legacy stream params (format, maxBitRate, DefaultDownsamplingFormat) into a synthetic ClientInfo - Add resolveStreamRequest on the subsonic Router to resolve legacy params into a fully specified StreamRequest via MakeDecision - Simplify DoStream to a dumb executor that receives pre-resolved params - Remove selectTranscodingOptions entirely Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcode): move MediaStreamer into core/transcode and unify StreamRequest Moved MediaStreamer, Stream, TranscodingCache and related types from core/media_streamer.go into core/transcode/, eliminating the duplicate StreamRequest type. The transcode.StreamRequest now carries all fields (ID, Format, BitRate, SampleRate, BitDepth, Channels, Offset) and ResolveStream returns a fully-populated value, removing manual field copying at every call site. Also moved buildLegacyClientInfo into the transcode package alongside ResolveStream, and unexported ParseTranscodeParams since it was only used internally by ValidateTranscodeParams. * refactor(transcode): rename Decider methods and unexport Params type Rename ResolveStream → ResolveRequest and ValidateTranscodeParams → ResolveRequestFromToken for clarity and consistency. The new ResolveRequestFromToken returns a StreamRequest directly (instead of the intermediate Params type), eliminating manual Params→StreamRequest conversion in callers. Unexport Params to params since it is now only used internally for JWT token parsing. * test(transcode): remove redundant tests and use constants Remove tests that duplicate coverage from integration-level tests (toClaimsMap, paramsFromToken round-trips, applyServerOverride direct call, duplicate 410 handler test). Replace raw "http" strings with ProtocolHTTP constant. Consolidate lossy -sample_fmt tests into DescribeTable. * refactor(transcode): split oversized files into focused modules Split transcode.go and transcode_test.go into focused files by concern: - decider.go: decision engine (MakeDecision, direct play/transcode evaluation, probe) - token.go: JWT token encode/decode (params, toClaimsMap, paramsFromToken, CreateTranscodeParams, ResolveRequestFromToken) - legacy_client.go: legacy Subsonic bridge (buildLegacyClientInfo, ResolveRequest) - codec_test.go: isLosslessFormat and normalizeProbeCodec tests - token_test.go: token round-trip and ResolveRequestFromToken tests Moved the Decider interface from types.go to decider.go to keep it near its implementation, and cleaned up types.go to contain only pure type definitions and constants. No public API changes. * refactor(transcode): reorder parameters in applyServerOverride function Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * test(e2e): add NewTestStream function and implement spyStreamer for testing Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> --------- Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org>
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mf, err := api.ds.MediaFile(ctx).Get(id)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
streamReq := api.transcodeDecision.ResolveRequest(ctx, mf, format, maxBitRate, timeOffset)
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stream, err := api.streamer.NewStream(ctx, mf, streamReq)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Make sure the stream will be closed at the end, to avoid leakage
defer func() {
if err := stream.Close(); err != nil && log.IsGreaterOrEqualTo(log.LevelDebug) {
log.Error("Error closing stream", "id", id, "file", stream.Name(), err)
}
}()
w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
w.Header().Set("X-Content-Duration", strconv.FormatFloat(float64(stream.Duration()), 'G', -1, 32))
fix(server): improve transcoding failure diagnostics and error responses (#5227) * fix(server): capture ffmpeg stderr and warn on empty transcoded output When ffmpeg fails during transcoding (e.g., missing codec like libopus), the error was silently discarded because stderr was sent to io.Discard and the HTTP response returned 200 OK with a 0-byte body. - Capture ffmpeg stderr in a bounded buffer (4KB) and include it in the error message when the process exits with a non-zero status code - Log a warning when transcoded output is 0 bytes, guiding users to check codec support and enable Trace logging for details - Remove log level guard so transcoding errors are always logged, not just at Debug level Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(server): return proper error responses for empty transcoded output Instead of returning HTTP 200 with 0-byte body when transcoding fails, return a Subsonic error response (for stream/download/getTranscodeStream) or HTTP 500 (for public shared streams). This gives clients a clear signal that the request failed rather than a misleading empty success. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * test(e2e): add tests for empty transcoded stream error responses Add E2E tests verifying that stream and download endpoints return Subsonic error responses when transcoding produces empty output. Extend spyStreamer with SimulateEmptyStream and SimulateError fields to support failure injection in tests. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(server): extract stream serving logic into Stream.Serve method Extract the duplicated non-seekable stream serving logic (header setup, estimateContentLength, HEAD draining, io.Copy with error/empty detection) from server/subsonic/stream.go and server/public/handle_streams.go into a single Stream.Serve method on core/stream. Both callers now delegate to it, eliminating ~30 lines of near-identical code. * fix(server): return 200 with empty body for stream/download on empty transcoded output Don't return a Subsonic error response when transcoding produces empty output on stream/download endpoints — just log the error and return 200 with an empty body. The getTranscodeStream and public share endpoints still return HTTP 500 for empty output. Stream.Serve now returns (int64, error) so callers can check the byte count. --------- Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org>
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_, err = stream.Serve(ctx, w, r)
return nil, err
}
func (api *Router) Download(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (*responses.Subsonic, error) {
ctx := r.Context()
username, _ := request.UsernameFrom(ctx)
p := req.Params(r)
id, err := p.String("id")
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if !conf.Server.EnableDownloads {
log.Warn(ctx, "Downloads are disabled", "user", username, "id", id)
return nil, newError(responses.ErrorAuthorizationFail, "downloads are disabled")
}
entity, err := model.GetEntityByID(ctx, api.ds, id)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
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maxBitRate := p.IntOr("bitrate", 0)
format, _ := p.String("format")
if format == "" {
if conf.Server.AutoTranscodeDownload {
// if we are not provided a format, see if we have requested transcoding for this client
// This must be enabled via a config option. For the UI, we are always given an option.
// This will impact other clients which do not use the UI
transcoding, ok := request.TranscodingFrom(ctx)
if !ok {
format = "raw"
} else {
format = transcoding.TargetFormat
maxBitRate = transcoding.DefaultBitRate
}
} else {
format = "raw"
}
}
setHeaders := func(name string) {
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name = strings.ReplaceAll(name, ",", "_")
disposition := fmt.Sprintf("attachment; filename=\"%s.zip\"", name)
w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", disposition)
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/zip")
}
switch v := entity.(type) {
case *model.MediaFile:
feat(subsonic): implement OpenSubsonic Transcoding extension (#4990) * feat(subsonic): implement transcode decision logic and codec handling for media files Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(subsonic): update codec limitation structure and decision logic for improved clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): update bitrate handling to use kilobits per second (kbps) across transcode decision logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): simplify container alias handling in matchesContainer function Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): enforce POST method for GetTranscodeDecision and handle non-POST requests Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * feat(transcoding): add enums for protocol, comparison operators, limitations, and codec profiles in transcode decision logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): streamline limitation checks and applyLimitation logic for improved readability and maintainability Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): replace strings.EqualFold with direct comparison for protocol and limitation checks Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): rename token methods to CreateTranscodeParams and ParseTranscodeParams for clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance logging for transcode decision process and client info conversion Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): rename TranscodeDecision to Decider and update related methods for clarity Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance transcoding config lookup logic for audio codecs Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance transcoding options with sample rate support and improve command handling Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): add bit depth support for audio transcoding and enhance related logic Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): enhance AAC command handling and support for audio channels in streaming Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): streamline transcoding logic by consolidating stream parameter handling and enhancing alias mapping Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcoding): update default command handling and add codec support for transcoding Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: implement noopDecider for transcoding decision handling in tests Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: address review findings for OpenSubsonic transcoding PR Fix multiple issues identified during code review of the transcoding extension: add missing return after error in shared stream handler preventing nil pointer panic, replace dead r.Body nil check with MaxBytesReader size limit, distinguish not-found from other DB errors, fix bpsToKbps integer truncation with rounding, add "pcm" to isLosslessFormat for consistency with model.IsLossless(), add sampleRate/bitDepth/channels to streaming log, fix outdated test comment, and add tests for conversion functions and GetTranscodeStream parameter passing. * feat(transcoding): add sourceUpdatedAt to decision and validate transcode parameters Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix: small issues Updated mock AAC transcoding command to use the new default (ipod with fragmented MP4) matching the migration, ensuring tests exercise the same buildDynamicArgs code path as production. Improved archiver test mock to match on the whole StreamRequest struct instead of decomposing fields, making it resilient to future field additions. Added named constants for JWT claim keys in the transcode token and wrapped ParseTranscodeParams errors with ErrTokenInvalid for consistency. Documented the IsLossless BitDepth fallback heuristic as temporary until Codec column is populated. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcoding): adapt transcode claims to struct-based auth.Claims Updated transcode token handling to use the struct-based auth.Claims introduced on master, replacing the previous map[string]any approach. Extended auth.Claims with transcoding-specific fields (MediaID, DirectPlay, UpdatedAt, Channels, SampleRate, BitDepth) and added float64 fallback in ClaimsFromToken for numeric claims that lose their Go type during JWT string serialization. Also added the missing lyrics parameter to all subsonic.New() calls in test files. * feat(model): add ProbeData field and UpdateProbeData repository method Add probe_data TEXT column to media_file for caching ffprobe results. Add UpdateProbeData to MediaFileRepository interface and implementations. Use hash:"ignore" tag so probe data doesn't affect MediaFile fingerprints. * feat(ffmpeg): add ProbeAudioStream for authoritative audio metadata Add ProbeAudioStream to FFmpeg interface, using ffprobe to extract codec, profile, bitrate, sample rate, bit depth, and channels. Parse bits_per_raw_sample as fallback for FLAC/ALAC bit depth. Normalize "unknown" profile to empty string. All parseProbeOutput tests use real ffprobe JSON from actual files. * feat(transcoding): integrate ffprobe into transcode decisions Add ensureProbed to probe media files on first transcode decision, caching results in probe_data. Build SourceStream from probe data with fallback to tag-based metadata. Refactor decision logic to pass StreamDetails instead of MediaFile, enabling codec profile limitations (e.g., audioProfile) to use probe data. Add normalizeProbeCodec to map ffprobe codec names (dsd_lsbf_planar, pcm_s16le) to internal names (dsd, pcm). NewDecider now accepts ffmpeg.FFmpeg; wire_gen.go regenerated. * feat(transcoding): add DevEnableMediaFileProbe config flag Add DevEnableMediaFileProbe (default true) to allow disabling ffprobe- based media file probing as a safety fallback. When disabled, the decider uses tag-based metadata from the scanner instead. * test(transcode): add ensureProbed unit tests Test probing when ProbeData is empty, skipping when already set, error propagation from ffprobe, and DevEnableMediaFileProbe flag. * refactor(ffmpeg): use command constant and select_streams for ProbeAudioStream Move ffprobe arguments to a probeAudioStreamCmd constant, following the same pattern as extractImageCmd and probeCmd. Add -select_streams a:0 to only probe the first audio stream, avoiding unnecessary parsing of video and artwork streams. Derive the ffprobe binary path safely using filepath.Dir/Base instead of replacing within the full path string. * refactor(transcode): decouple transcode token claims from auth.Claims Remove six transcode-specific fields (MediaID, DirectPlay, UpdatedAt, Channels, SampleRate, BitDepth) from auth.Claims, which is shared with session and share tokens. Transcode tokens are signed parameter-passing tokens, not authentication tokens, so coupling them to auth created misleading dependencies. The transcode package now owns its own JWT claim serialization via Decision.toClaimsMap() and paramsFromToken(), using generic auth.EncodeToken/DecodeAndVerifyToken wrappers that keep TokenAuth encapsulated. Wire format (JWT claim keys) is unchanged, so in-flight tokens remain compatible. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcode): simplify code after review Extract getIntClaim helper to eliminate repeated int/int64/float64 JWT claim extraction pattern in paramsFromToken and ClaimsFromToken. Rewrite checkIntLimitation as a one-liner delegating to applyIntLimitation. Return probe result from ensureProbed to avoid redundant JSON round-trip. Extract toResponseStreamDetails helper and mediaTypeSong constant in the API layer, and use transcode.ProtocolHTTP constant instead of hardcoded string. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(ffmpeg): enhance bit_rate parsing logic for audio streams Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcode): improve code review findings across transcode implementation - Fix parseProbeData to return nil on JSON unmarshal failure instead of a zero-valued struct, preventing silent degradation of source stream details - Use probe-resolved codec for lossless detection in buildSourceStream instead of the potentially stale scanner data - Remove MediaFile.IsLossless() (dead code) and consolidate lossless detection in isLosslessFormat(), using codec name only — bit depth is not reliable since lossy codecs like ADPCM report non-zero values - Add "wavpack" to lossless codec list (ffprobe codec_name for WavPack) - Guard bpsToKbps against negative input values - Fix misleading comment in buildTemplateArgs about conditional injection - Avoid leaking internal error details in Subsonic API responses - Add missing test for ErrNotFound branch in GetTranscodeDecision - Add TODO for hardcoded protocol in toResponseStreamDetails * refactor(transcode): streamline transcoding command lookup and format resolution Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * feat(transcode): implement server-side transcoding override for player formats Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(transcode): honor bit depth and channel constraints in transcoding selection selectTranscodingOptions only checked sample rate when deciding whether same-format transcoding was needed, ignoring requested bit depth and channel reductions. This caused the streamer to return raw audio when the transcode decision requested downmix or bit-depth conversion. * refactor(transcode): unify streaming decision engine via MakeDecision Move transcoding decision-making out of mediaStreamer and into the subsonic Stream/Download handlers, using transcode.Decider.MakeDecision as the single decision engine. This eliminates selectTranscodingOptions and the mismatch between decision and streaming code paths (decision used LookupTranscodeCommand with built-in fallbacks, while streaming used FindByFormat which only checked the DB). - Add DecisionOptions with SkipProbe to MakeDecision so the legacy streaming path never calls ffprobe - Add buildLegacyClientInfo to translate legacy stream params (format, maxBitRate, DefaultDownsamplingFormat) into a synthetic ClientInfo - Add resolveStreamRequest on the subsonic Router to resolve legacy params into a fully specified StreamRequest via MakeDecision - Simplify DoStream to a dumb executor that receives pre-resolved params - Remove selectTranscodingOptions entirely Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(transcode): move MediaStreamer into core/transcode and unify StreamRequest Moved MediaStreamer, Stream, TranscodingCache and related types from core/media_streamer.go into core/transcode/, eliminating the duplicate StreamRequest type. The transcode.StreamRequest now carries all fields (ID, Format, BitRate, SampleRate, BitDepth, Channels, Offset) and ResolveStream returns a fully-populated value, removing manual field copying at every call site. Also moved buildLegacyClientInfo into the transcode package alongside ResolveStream, and unexported ParseTranscodeParams since it was only used internally by ValidateTranscodeParams. * refactor(transcode): rename Decider methods and unexport Params type Rename ResolveStream → ResolveRequest and ValidateTranscodeParams → ResolveRequestFromToken for clarity and consistency. The new ResolveRequestFromToken returns a StreamRequest directly (instead of the intermediate Params type), eliminating manual Params→StreamRequest conversion in callers. Unexport Params to params since it is now only used internally for JWT token parsing. * test(transcode): remove redundant tests and use constants Remove tests that duplicate coverage from integration-level tests (toClaimsMap, paramsFromToken round-trips, applyServerOverride direct call, duplicate 410 handler test). Replace raw "http" strings with ProtocolHTTP constant. Consolidate lossy -sample_fmt tests into DescribeTable. * refactor(transcode): split oversized files into focused modules Split transcode.go and transcode_test.go into focused files by concern: - decider.go: decision engine (MakeDecision, direct play/transcode evaluation, probe) - token.go: JWT token encode/decode (params, toClaimsMap, paramsFromToken, CreateTranscodeParams, ResolveRequestFromToken) - legacy_client.go: legacy Subsonic bridge (buildLegacyClientInfo, ResolveRequest) - codec_test.go: isLosslessFormat and normalizeProbeCodec tests - token_test.go: token round-trip and ResolveRequestFromToken tests Moved the Decider interface from types.go to decider.go to keep it near its implementation, and cleaned up types.go to contain only pure type definitions and constants. No public API changes. * refactor(transcode): reorder parameters in applyServerOverride function Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * test(e2e): add NewTestStream function and implement spyStreamer for testing Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> --------- Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org>
2026-03-08 19:57:49 -08:00
streamReq := api.transcodeDecision.ResolveRequest(ctx, v, format, maxBitRate, 0)
2026-03-09 18:22:58 -08:00
stream, err := api.streamer.NewStream(ctx, v, streamReq)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Make sure the stream will be closed at the end, to avoid leakage
defer func() {
if err := stream.Close(); err != nil && log.IsGreaterOrEqualTo(log.LevelDebug) {
log.Error("Error closing stream", "id", id, "file", stream.Name(), err)
}
}()
2020-08-14 08:11:35 -08:00
disposition := fmt.Sprintf("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", stream.Name())
w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", disposition)
fix(server): improve transcoding failure diagnostics and error responses (#5227) * fix(server): capture ffmpeg stderr and warn on empty transcoded output When ffmpeg fails during transcoding (e.g., missing codec like libopus), the error was silently discarded because stderr was sent to io.Discard and the HTTP response returned 200 OK with a 0-byte body. - Capture ffmpeg stderr in a bounded buffer (4KB) and include it in the error message when the process exits with a non-zero status code - Log a warning when transcoded output is 0 bytes, guiding users to check codec support and enable Trace logging for details - Remove log level guard so transcoding errors are always logged, not just at Debug level Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(server): return proper error responses for empty transcoded output Instead of returning HTTP 200 with 0-byte body when transcoding fails, return a Subsonic error response (for stream/download/getTranscodeStream) or HTTP 500 (for public shared streams). This gives clients a clear signal that the request failed rather than a misleading empty success. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * test(e2e): add tests for empty transcoded stream error responses Add E2E tests verifying that stream and download endpoints return Subsonic error responses when transcoding produces empty output. Extend spyStreamer with SimulateEmptyStream and SimulateError fields to support failure injection in tests. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(server): extract stream serving logic into Stream.Serve method Extract the duplicated non-seekable stream serving logic (header setup, estimateContentLength, HEAD draining, io.Copy with error/empty detection) from server/subsonic/stream.go and server/public/handle_streams.go into a single Stream.Serve method on core/stream. Both callers now delegate to it, eliminating ~30 lines of near-identical code. * fix(server): return 200 with empty body for stream/download on empty transcoded output Don't return a Subsonic error response when transcoding produces empty output on stream/download endpoints — just log the error and return 200 with an empty body. The getTranscodeStream and public share endpoints still return HTTP 500 for empty output. Stream.Serve now returns (int64, error) so callers can check the byte count. --------- Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org>
2026-03-18 08:39:03 -08:00
_, err = stream.Serve(ctx, w, r)
return nil, err
case *model.Album:
setHeaders(v.Name)
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
2026-05-23 19:24:30 -08:00
return nil, handleArchiveErr(ctx, id, api.archiver.ZipAlbum(ctx, id, format, maxBitRate, w))
case *model.Artist:
setHeaders(v.Name)
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
2026-05-23 19:24:30 -08:00
return nil, handleArchiveErr(ctx, id, api.archiver.ZipArtist(ctx, id, format, maxBitRate, w))
2020-08-21 09:28:20 -08:00
case *model.Playlist:
setHeaders(v.Name)
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
2026-05-23 19:24:30 -08:00
return nil, handleArchiveErr(ctx, id, api.archiver.ZipPlaylist(ctx, id, format, maxBitRate, w))
default:
fix(server): improve transcoding failure diagnostics and error responses (#5227) * fix(server): capture ffmpeg stderr and warn on empty transcoded output When ffmpeg fails during transcoding (e.g., missing codec like libopus), the error was silently discarded because stderr was sent to io.Discard and the HTTP response returned 200 OK with a 0-byte body. - Capture ffmpeg stderr in a bounded buffer (4KB) and include it in the error message when the process exits with a non-zero status code - Log a warning when transcoded output is 0 bytes, guiding users to check codec support and enable Trace logging for details - Remove log level guard so transcoding errors are always logged, not just at Debug level Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * fix(server): return proper error responses for empty transcoded output Instead of returning HTTP 200 with 0-byte body when transcoding fails, return a Subsonic error response (for stream/download/getTranscodeStream) or HTTP 500 (for public shared streams). This gives clients a clear signal that the request failed rather than a misleading empty success. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * test(e2e): add tests for empty transcoded stream error responses Add E2E tests verifying that stream and download endpoints return Subsonic error responses when transcoding produces empty output. Extend spyStreamer with SimulateEmptyStream and SimulateError fields to support failure injection in tests. Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org> * refactor(server): extract stream serving logic into Stream.Serve method Extract the duplicated non-seekable stream serving logic (header setup, estimateContentLength, HEAD draining, io.Copy with error/empty detection) from server/subsonic/stream.go and server/public/handle_streams.go into a single Stream.Serve method on core/stream. Both callers now delegate to it, eliminating ~30 lines of near-identical code. * fix(server): return 200 with empty body for stream/download on empty transcoded output Don't return a Subsonic error response when transcoding produces empty output on stream/download endpoints — just log the error and return 200 with an empty body. The getTranscodeStream and public share endpoints still return HTTP 500 for empty output. Stream.Serve now returns (int64, error) so callers can check the byte count. --------- Signed-off-by: Deluan <deluan@navidrome.org>
2026-03-18 08:39:03 -08:00
return nil, model.ErrNotFound
}
2016-03-03 10:46:19 -09:00
}
fix(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes to prevent ffmpeg DoS (#5522) * feat(transcoding): add MaxConcurrent and MaxConcurrentPerUser config Introduce Transcoding.MaxConcurrent (default NumCPU()*2) and Transcoding.MaxConcurrentPerUser (default 3) to support upcoming concurrency limits on the streaming pipeline. No behavior change yet. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): add TranscodeLimiter with global and per-user caps Introduce a non-blocking limiter that gates concurrent transcodes. Returns ErrTooManyTranscodes immediately when the cap is reached so callers can translate it into a 429 response, rather than queuing requests. The per-user reservation is taken first to avoid burning a global slot that would only be rolled back when the per-user cap rejects the caller. Release is idempotent so wrapping the transcoder reader's Close is safe. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): cap concurrent transcodes in media streamer Acquire a TranscodeLimiter slot before spawning ffmpeg in the transcoding cache's read function, and release it when the resulting reader is closed. Raw streams and cache hits bypass the limiter so a single saturating client cannot block ordinary playback. When the cap is reached, ErrTooManyTranscodes bubbles up through cache.Get, ready for the HTTP layer to translate into a 429 response. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): return HTTP 429 with Retry-After when transcode cap is hit Map stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes to HTTP 429 in both the Subsonic API (/stream, /download) and the public share endpoint, including a 5s Retry-After hint. The Subsonic response still carries a failed-status envelope so clients that ignore HTTP codes also see the failure. Refs #5246 * feat(transcoding): default MaxConcurrent to 0 (disabled) Ship the limiter opt-in so existing installations are not affected by a behavior change on upgrade. Users hitting the DoS reported in #5246 can enable it by setting Transcoding.MaxConcurrent to a positive value (NumCPU()*2 is a reasonable starting point). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): make global and per-user caps independent Previously the limiter short-circuited to a no-op whenever MaxConcurrent was zero, silently ignoring a configured MaxConcurrentPerUser. Treat each cap independently so an operator can throttle per-user without enforcing a global ceiling (or vice versa), and only fall back to the no-op limiter when both caps are disabled. * fix(archiver): abort archive download when the transcode limiter rejects The album/artist/playlist zip writers were silently producing zip entries with headers but no data when ms.NewStream returned ErrTooManyTranscodes, because the per-file error was discarded by `_ = a.addFileToZip(...)`. The client received HTTP 200 with a corrupt zip and no indication that the server was rate-limited. Now the zip loop bails out as soon as it sees ErrTooManyTranscodes, and the Download handler swallows the error (the response status and Content-Disposition are already flushed by the time the limit is hit, so no 429 can be sent). The truncated zip surfaces the problem to the client; operators see a clear "transcode cap reached" warning in the server logs. Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): release limiter slot on client close, not ffmpeg EOF Previously the slot was wrapped around the ffmpeg source reader, so it was only released by the cache's background copyAndClose goroutine when ffmpeg finished producing the file — meaning a client that disconnected after a single byte still held the slot for the full transcode duration. Under MaxConcurrent=N this serialized fresh requests behind abandoned encodes for minutes. Hand the release function back from the cache producer via the streamJob struct and wire it into the consumer-side Stream.Close. The HTTP handler already runs `defer stream.Close()`, so disconnect now frees the slot immediately. Cache hits never enter the producer and still pay no slot, and singleflight waiters on the same key correctly inherit no release (only the original producer's job holds the slot). Refs #5246 * fix(transcoding): skip per-user cap for anonymous requests Public share viewers have no user in context, so userName(ctx) returned the literal string "UNKNOWN" and the limiter mapped every anonymous viewer to the same bucket. With MaxConcurrentPerUser=N, only N unrelated anonymous clients could stream a viral share at any time — the opposite of the fairness the per-user cap is meant to provide. Introduce a limiterKey(ctx) helper that returns "" for anonymous callers (userName(ctx) is unchanged for logs), and teach Acquire to skip the per-user reservation when the key is empty. The global cap is still enforced for anonymous traffic and remains the protection against runaway anonymous load. Refs #5246 * refactor(transcoding): tidy limiter struct and centralize Retry-After Per review feedback: - Drop the redundant maxConcurrent field on transcodeLimiter; the channel capacity already enforces the global cap and the field was only used inside the constructor. - Only allocate the perUser map when MaxConcurrentPerUser > 0. - Move the Retry-After value into core/stream as RetryAfterSeconds so the Subsonic API and public-share handlers cannot drift if the window is later tuned. * fix(transcoding): do not log limiter rejections as cache failures NewStream was emitting an error-level "Error accessing transcoding cache" log whenever cache.Get returned anything non-nil, including the limiter's ErrTooManyTranscodes — even though the producer had already logged the rejection at warn level. The result was double logging and a misleading "cache failure" classification that buries real cache problems. Skip the error log when the cause is ErrTooManyTranscodes; the warn line from the producer is the canonical signal. * fix(archiver): open stream before writing zip entry header Per review: addFileToZip previously called z.CreateHeader before NewStream, so when the limiter rejected a transcode the zip already contained a 0-byte entry for that track. Open the source first and only write the header once the read side is ready; rejections now skip the entry entirely. The truncation comment in handleArchiveErr was also misleading — z.Close finalises the central directory, so the client receives a well-formed zip containing only the tracks written before the rejection, not a "truncated" archive. Reword to match reality. * fix(transcoding): hold slot for ffmpeg lifetime, force cancellable ctx The previous release-on-consumer-close design let a client open many unique transcodes, disconnect immediately, and still spawn the configured cap's worth of ffmpeg processes — the cache writer goroutine continued draining ffmpeg to disk after the client disappeared, defeating the DoS protection the limiter is meant to provide. Move the release back onto the source reader so the slot is freed only when ffmpeg actually exits (either EOF or context cancellation). To keep disconnects from leaking slots for the full transcode duration, force the request context into ffmpeg whenever the limiter is enabled — so client disconnect cancels the process and frees the slot promptly. When the limiter is disabled, the legacy EnableTranscodingCancellation behavior is preserved unchanged. Reported by codex and Copilot reviewers on #5522.
2026-05-23 19:24:30 -08:00
// handleArchiveErr swallows ErrTooManyTranscodes from archive downloads so the
// outer error handler does not try to write a 429 onto a response whose status
// and Content-Disposition have already been flushed. The archive ends up with
// the tracks that were written before the rejection (the rejected track and
// any following ones are omitted); the server-side log is the unambiguous
// signal operators can act on.
func handleArchiveErr(ctx context.Context, id string, err error) error {
if errors.Is(err, stream.ErrTooManyTranscodes) {
log.Warn(ctx, "Archive download finalized early: transcode cap reached", "id", id, err)
return nil
}
return err
}